Cost of fouling in full-scale reverse osmosis and ...
2021-3-15u2002·u2002The aims of this study, conducted on seven full-scale water production installations in The Netherlands, were: i) to derive the total cost of fouling in spiral wound membrane systems (i.e., RO and NF) as a fraction of the OPEX, ii) to make a detailed analysis of cost factors and their contributions to CIP and fouling and iii) to evaluate the ...
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